1.1 closed circulating cooling system

闭式循环冷却系统使用固定的冷却水量来冷却介质，而且冷却水不暴露与大气，没有水被蒸发。闭式循环冷却水系统在煤矿瓦斯发电系统有三种应用场合：一是冷却汽轮机的乏机，如在严重缺水地区建设的空冷机组，多采用这种系统；二是部分电厂将轴瓦冷却水等组成一个专门的闭式循环冷却系统，即二次冷却系统；三是装有水内冷发电机的电厂。

The closed cycle cooling system uses a fixed amount of cooling water to cool the medium, and the cooling water is not exposed to the atmosphere, and no water is evaporated. There are three applications of closed circulating cooling water system in coal mine gas power generation system: one is to cool the exhausted steam turbine, such as the air cooling unit built in severe water shortage area, which is often used; the other is that some power plants form a special closed circulating cooling system, i.e. the secondary cooling system, with bearing cooling water; the third is the power plant with water-cooled generator.

1.2开式循环冷却系统

1.2 open cycle cooling system

在开式循环冷却水系统中，冷却水经循环水泵送入凝汽器，进行热交换，被加热的冷却水经冷却塔冷却后，流入冷却塔底部水池，再有循环水泵送入凝汽器循环使用。这种循环利用的冷却水成为循环冷却水。在冷却塔中，循环水的冷却是通过水和空气接触，由蒸发散热、接触散热和辐射散热三个过程共同作用的结果。

In the open circulating cooling water system, the cooling water is sent to the condenser through the circulating water pump for heat exchange. After being cooled by the cooling tower, the heated cooling water flows into the pool at the bottom of the cooling tower, and then the circulating water pump is sent to the condenser for recycling. This kind of circulating cooling water becomes circulating cooling water. In the cooling tower, the cooling of circulating water is the result of evaporation, contact and radiation through the contact of water and air.

其中，接触散热是由较高温度的水与较低温度的空气接触，由于温差使热水中的热量传到空气中去，水温得到了降低。蒸发散热是因为进入冷却塔的空气，湿分含量一般低于饱和状态，而在水汽界面上的空气已经达到饱和状态，这种含湿量的差别，使得水和汽不断扩散到空气中去，随着水汽的扩散，界面上的水分就不断蒸发，把热量传给空气。所以水的蒸发冷却，可以使水温低于空气的湿度。辐射传热是除冷却池外，对其他各型冷却构筑物的影响不大，一般可以忽略不计。

Among them, the contact heat dissipation is the contact between the water with higher temperature and the air with lower temperature. Due to the temperature difference, the heat in the hot water is transferred to the air, and the water temperature is reduced. Evaporation heat dissipation is because the moisture content of the air entering the cooling tower is generally lower than the saturated state, and the air on the water vapor interface has reached the saturated state. This difference in moisture content makes water and steam continue to diffuse into the air. With the diffusion of water vapor, the water on the interface will continue to evaporate and transfer heat to the air. Therefore, the evaporative cooling of water can make the water temperature lower than the humidity of air. Radiation heat transfer has little effect on other cooling structures except cooling pool, which can be ignored.

1.3高温循环冷却系统

1.3 high temperature circulating cooling system

该系统的功用是：将在高温区工作的零部件（机体、汽缸套、汽缸盖）所吸收的热量及时传递出去，以保证其在保温环境下可靠地工作。“高温循环冷却系统”中的高温水泵冷却水经机体进水管直接压送到机体右侧水道内。又通过飞轮端连接机体左、右两侧的串水管，进入机体左侧水道内。进入机体水道的冷却水，流过汽缸套外部水套，经机体上部与汽缸盖连通的4个串水孔进入汽缸盖水腔，然后由汽缸盖上端面出水口进入各气缸盖的回水管。发动机左右两排汽缸盖的回水管汇合后，经高温回水总管被送往高温热交换器或卧式水箱的高温散热器内进行冷却，又回流到高温水泵开始新一轮循环。

The function of the system is to transfer the heat absorbed by the parts (body, cylinder sleeve, cylinder head) working in the high temperature area in time, so as to ensure that they can work reliably in the thermal insulation environment. The cooling water of high temperature pump in "high temperature circulating cooling system" is directly pressed into the water channel on the right side of the engine body through the water inlet pipe of the engine body. The water pipes on the left and right sides of the engine body are connected through the flywheel end to enter the water channel on the left side of the engine body. The cooling water entering into the water channel of the engine block flows through the outer water jacket of the cylinder liner, enters into the water cavity of the cylinder head through the four water holes connected with the cylinder head at the upper part of the engine block, and then enters into the return pipe of each cylinder head through the water outlet of the upper end face of the cylinder head. After the return pipes of the left and right cylinder heads of the engine converge, they are sent to the high temperature heat exchanger or the high temperature radiator of the horizontal water tank through the high temperature return main pipe for cooling, and finally return to the high temperature water pump to start a new cycle.

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