1. Carry out daily maintenance of the unit in strict accordance with the specified requirements to ensure reliable operation of the unit

良好的维护保养能保证机组可靠运行。正常使用情况下,保养工作应按规定的日保养、周保养、月保养要求进行。通过这些规定的保养,能及时发现机组是否存在声音异常、动作异常、外观异常、温度异常、压力异常和气味异常等故障现象,从而及时对机组进行检查和调整,进而有针对性的加以解决,确保机组运行在状态。在这些保养要求中,要特别注意以下三个方面的检查和保养:

Good maintenance can ensure the reliable operation of the unit. Under normal use, the maintenance shall be carried out according to the specified daily, weekly and monthly maintenance requirements. Through these specified maintenance, it can timely find out whether the unit has fault phenomena such as abnormal sound, abnormal action, abnormal appearance, abnormal temperature, abnormal pressure and abnormal smell, so as to timely check and adjust the unit, and then solve it pertinently to ensure that the unit operates in the best state. In these maintenance requirements, special attention should be paid to the following three aspects of inspection and maintenance:

(1) 润滑系统的检查和保养。

(1) Inspection and maintenance of lubrication system.

该种类型机组由于存在运转部件多,运转部件工作条件恶劣,大多处在高温、高冲击载荷状态下,需要润滑的部位较多,对润滑系统的可靠性要求较为苛刻,因此要注意检查润滑油系统的油质情况、油位情况、油温和油压情况,注意离心滤清器和机油滤清器的清洗,避免出现因润滑不良造成的机组零部件磨损加剧,缩短机组零部件的使用寿命,加大维护工作量;

Due to the large number of operating parts and poor working conditions of operating parts of this type of unit, most of them are in the state of high temperature and high impact load, there are many parts requiring lubrication, and the reliability requirements of the lubrication system are relatively strict. Therefore, pay attention to check the oil quality, oil level, oil temperature and oil pressure of the lubricating oil system, and pay attention to the cleaning of centrifugal filter and oil filter, Avoid increasing the wear of unit parts caused by poor lubrication, shorten the service life of unit parts and increase the maintenance workload;

(2) 空气过滤器的检查和保养。空气过滤器如果运转良好的话,将有效地避免因进气阻力大引起的增压压力下降过大,进而造成涡轮增压器出现漏油现象;还可避免因流量减少引起的涡轮增压器压气机喘振现象。因此要定期清理空气过滤器,必要时更换新滤芯。在潮湿地区可将纸质滤芯抽掉。

(2) Inspection and maintenance of air filter. If the air filter works well, it will effectively avoid excessive pressure drop caused by large air inlet resistance, which will lead to oil leakage of turbocharger; It can also avoid the surge of turbocharger compressor caused by flow reduction. Therefore, clean the air filter regularly and replace the filter element if necessary. The paper filter element can be removed in wet areas.

(3) 相关间隙和角度的检查和调整。主要是火花塞间隙、气门间隙和配气定时等的检查和调整。

(3) Inspection and adjustment of relevant clearance and angle. It mainly refers to the inspection and adjustment of spark plug clearance, valve clearance and valve timing.

机组运行一段时间后,火花塞的间隙会有所变大,这是正常现象。以泰州市兆航机电设备有限公司生产的设备为例当间隙增大到0. 89mm 时,火花塞将出现失火现象,造成机组运行不稳,甚至停车,所以应定期检查和调整,同时消除火花塞及其螺纹处出现的积炭,确保其好用。另外,机组经长时间运转后,由于配气机构的磨损和松动等原因,会引起气门间隙的变化,应定期检查并调整气门间隙。配气定时在正常情况下不需要进行调整,当机组各缸工作状态出现异常时,应首先检查指针上止点指示位置是否正确,检查传动系统各齿轮传动记号是否对准,整个系统的装配关系及气门间隙是否正确。若经检查调整后,仍与规定值差异较大时,则应考虑凸轮轴或齿轮传动件有无损坏现象,必要时进行修复或更换。

After the unit operates for a period of time, the gap of spark plug will become larger, which is a normal phenomenon. Taking the equipment produced by Taizhou zhaohang Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. as an example, when the gap increases to 0.5 At 89mm, the spark plug will catch fire, resulting in unstable operation and even shutdown of the unit. Therefore, regular inspection and adjustment shall be carried out, and the carbon deposit at the spark plug and its thread shall be eliminated to ensure its good use. In addition, after long-term operation of the unit, the valve clearance will change due to wear and looseness of the valve mechanism. The valve clearance should be checked and adjusted regularly. The valve timing does not need to be adjusted under normal conditions. When the working state of each cylinder of the unit is abnormal, first check whether the indication position of the top dead center of the pointer is correct, whether the transmission marks of each gear of the transmission system are aligned, and whether the assembly relationship and valve clearance of the whole system are correct. If there is still a large difference from the specified value after inspection and adjustment, consider whether the camshaft or gear transmission parts are damaged, and repair or replace them if necessary.

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