1.1 closed cycle cooling system

闭式循环冷却系统使用固定的冷却水量来冷却介质，而且冷却水不暴露与大气，没有水被蒸发。闭式循环冷却水系统在煤矿瓦斯发电系统有三种应用场合：一是冷却汽轮机的乏机，如在严重缺水地区建设的空冷机组，多采用这种系统；二是部分电厂将轴瓦冷却水等组成一个专门的闭式循环冷却系统，即二次冷却系统；三是装有水内冷发电机的电厂。

The closed cycle cooling system uses fixed cooling water to cool the medium, and the cooling water is not exposed to the atmosphere and no water is evaporated. There are three applications of closed circulating cooling water system in coal mine gas power generation system: one is the lack of cooling steam turbine, such as the air cooling unit built in severe water shortage area, which is often used; the second is that some power plants form a special closed circulating cooling system, i.e. secondary cooling system; the third is the power plant with internal water cooling generator.

1.2开式循环冷却系统

1.2 open cycle cooling system

在开式循环冷却水系统中，冷却水经循环水泵送入凝汽器，进行热交换，被加热的冷却水经冷却塔冷却后，流入冷却塔底部水池，再有循环水泵送入凝汽器循环使用。这种循环利用的冷却水成为循环冷却水。在冷却塔中，循环水的冷却是通过水和空气接触，由蒸发散热、接触散热和辐射散热三个过程共同作用的结果。

In the open circulating cooling water system, the cooling water is sent to the condenser through the circulating water pump for heat exchange. After being cooled by the cooling tower, the heated cooling water flows into the pool at the bottom of the cooling tower, and then the circulating water pump is sent to the condenser for recycling. The recycled cooling water becomes circulating cooling water. In the cooling tower, the cooling of circulating water is the result of three processes: evaporation, contact and radiation.

其中，接触散热是由较高温度的水与较低温度的空气接触，由于温差使热水中的热量传到空气中去，水温得到了降低。蒸发散热是因为进入冷却塔的空气，湿分含量一般低于饱和状态，而在水汽界面上的空气已经达到饱和状态，这种含湿量的差别，使得水和汽不断扩散到空气中去，随着水汽的扩散，界面上的水分就不断蒸发，把热量传给空气。所以水的蒸发冷却，可以使水温低于空气的湿度。辐射传热是除冷却池外，对其他各型冷却构筑物的影响不大，一般可以忽略不计。

Among them, the contact heat dissipation is the contact between the higher temperature water and the lower temperature air. Because of the temperature difference, the heat in the hot water is transferred to the air, and the water temperature is reduced. Evaporation and heat dissipation is because the moisture content of the air entering the cooling tower is generally lower than the saturated state, while the air at the water vapor interface has reached the saturation state. This difference in moisture content makes water and steam continuously diffuse into the air. With the diffusion of water vapor, the water on the interface will continue to evaporate, transferring heat to the air. So the evaporation cooling of water can make the water temperature lower than the humidity of air. Radiation heat transfer has little effect on other cooling structures except cooling pool, which can be ignored generally.

1.3高温循环冷却系统

1.3 high temperature circulating cooling system

该系统的功用是：将在高温区工作的零部件（机体、汽缸套、汽缸盖）所吸收的热量及时传递出去，以保证其在保温环境下可靠地工作。“高温循环冷却系统”中的高温水泵冷却水经机体进水管直接压送到机体右侧水道内。又通过飞轮端连接机体左、右两侧的串水管，进入机体左侧水道内。进入机体水道的冷却水，流过汽缸套外部水套，经机体上部与汽缸盖连通的4个串水孔进入汽缸盖水腔，然后由汽缸盖上端面出水口进入各气缸盖的回水管。发动机左右两排汽缸盖的回水管汇合后，经高温回水总管被送往高温热交换器或卧式水箱的高温散热器内进行冷却，又回流到高温水泵开始新一轮循环。

The function of the system is to transfer the heat absorbed by the parts (body, cylinder sleeve, cylinder head) working in high temperature area in time, so as to ensure the reliable work in the insulation environment. The cooling water of high temperature water pump in "high temperature circulating cooling system" is directly pressed into the water channel on the right side of the body through the water inlet pipe of the machine body. The water pipes on the left and right sides of the machine body are connected through the flywheel end, and enter the water channel on the left side of the body. The cooling water entering the water channel of the engine block flows through the external water jacket of the cylinder sleeve, enters the water chamber of the cylinder head through the four water flushing holes connected with the cylinder head at the upper part of the engine block, and then enters the return water pipe of each cylinder head through the water outlet on the upper end face of the cylinder head. After the return water pipes of the left and right cylinder heads of the engine converge, they are sent to the high temperature heat exchanger or the high temperature radiator of the horizontal water tank for cooling through the high temperature return main pipe, and finally return to the high temperature water pump to start a new cycle.

期刊文章分类查询,尽在期刊图书馆

The periodical article classification inquiry, does in the periodical library

1.4低温循环冷却系统

1.4 low temperature circulating cooling system

该系统的功用是：降低增压后的混合气温度和机油温度，以提高发动机充气效率和保持机油的正常润滑。“低温循环冷却系统”中的低温水泵奖冷却水压送到中冷器内，以冷却增压后的混合气，然后经水管送至机油冷却器，以冷却机油，从机油冷却器流程的冷却水经回水管被送往低温热交换器或卧式的低温散热器内进行冷却，又回流到低温水泵开始新一轮循环。发动机在工作过程中，需控制其适当的冷却水温，以免带走过多的热量，造成发动机功率下降，油耗增加、工作粗暴等不良后果。因此，在保证受热零件工作可靠的前提下，应使发动机散走的热量尽可能少些。通常发动机的高温回水温度应控制在70～80℃范围内较为适宜。

The function of the system is to reduce the temperature of mixture and oil after supercharging, so as to improve the efficiency of engine charging and maintain the normal lubrication of engine oil. The cooling water pressure of the low-temperature water pump in the "low-temperature circulating cooling system" is sent to the intercooler to cool the supercharged mixture, and then sent to the oil cooler through the water pipe to cool the oil. The cooling water from the oil cooler process is sent to the low-temperature heat exchanger or horizontal low-temperature radiator through the return pipe for cooling, and finally returns to the low-temperature water pump to start a new cycle. In the working process of the engine, it is necessary to control the proper cooling water temperature, so as to avoid the adverse consequences such as engine power decrease, fuel consumption increase and rough work caused by excessive heat. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the reliability of the heated parts, the heat dissipated by the engine should be as small as possible. Generally, the temperature of high temperature return water should be controlled in the range of 70 ~ 80 ℃.

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